Viviendo a Pesar de la Crisis: Fortificaciones de Sébastien Le Prestre

Muy buenas,

Ayer estuve en Bayona con la excusa de un concierto y, al rato de andar viendo las murallas, se me ocurrió consultar en el móvil. Efectivamente, otra más.

https://sites-vauban.org/en/resources/vauban-site/bayonne

Bayonne - History and description:
A town of Roman origin situated where the Adour and Nive rivers meet, six kilometres from the Atlantic Ocean, Bayonne had its own Roman castrum in the 4th and 5th centuries. Abandoned under the Merovingians, and with at least one urban wall since the 12th century, it was besieged by the Spanish on multiple occasions in the 15th-16th and 17th centuries. This prompted Louis XII and Francis I to build a new urban wall and the New castle.
In 1681, Vauban remodelled this ancient site by improving the above installations and designed projects including the citadel and the entrenchment of Saint-Esprit. The works were conducted by the engineer Ferry and completed in 1685. During this construction work, the château Neuf (New castle) was completely renovated and equipped with all the elements required for a citadel worthy of the name: magazines, mills, wells, chapel, as well as a new gate. Twelve hundred soldiers would have been housed in its garrison. Other projects and modifications were proposed and implemented up until 1713, when the treaty of Utrecht saw Bayonne lose its strategic importance.
During the 18th century, the fortifications were subject to multiple construction phases, boosted by the port facilities and a concern over embellishment. The Restoration and the July Monarchy modified the fortifications to make them optimally effective for artillery manoeuvres, something which had been found sorely lacking during the allied siege of 1814.

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vauban

Pos, ya llevo unas cuantas:

https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2019/07/vacaciones-por-europa-2019.html

Besanzón:

https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2022/08/vacaciones-por-europa-2022.html

P.D: Saint-Malo y Luxemburgo?

Actualización a 08/03/2024: Donostia/San Sebastián? Casi:

https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2019/12/historia-de-la-ciudad-de-san-sebastian.html

http://bertan.gipuzkoakultura.net/es/18/es/12.php

Y, efectivamente, Luxemburgo:

https://www.luxembourg-city.com/en/place/tour/tour-vauban-circular-walk

https://assets.prod.app.luxembourg-city.com/data/media/92cc97c5-6351-4e81-9689-c9586777f2fc.pdf

Actualización a 16/03/2024: Ayer estuve en Iruña/Pamplona para un concierto (https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2020/03/conciertos-2.html) y me gustó:

https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/portaldefrancia

Portal de Francia o Zumalacárregui:

El Portal de Francia, construido en 1553 por el virrey duque de Alburquerque, es el que mejor se conserva de los seis que tenía el antiguo recinto amurallado de la ciudad. Los viajeros del país vecino, entraban y salían de la ciudad por él, de ahí su nombre. De las dos puertas principales que conforman el portal, la interior conserva un escudo renacentista tallado con el águila bicéfala y las armas imperiales.
Una placa recuerda la salida de Pamplona, en 1833, del general Tomás Zumalacárregui para ponerse al frente de las tropas carlistas. Por ello y desde 1939, este portal se conoce también como portal de Zumalacárregui.
Desde época medieval esta es la puerta que sirve de acceso a los peregrinos que llegan a Pamplona siguiendo el Camino de Santiago.
La ciudad amurallada, encerrada en sí misma, tenía seis “portales”. Hoy solo sobrevive en su emplazamiento original este que vemos aquí. Ya en la época medieval formaba parte del recinto amurallado de la ciudad de la Navarrería. En 1553, tras la conquista de Navarra, el acceso fue reestructurado, lo que explica la presencia del escudo de Carlos V. Dos siglos más tarde se construyó un poco más abajo una segunda entrada con puente levadizo que estuvo en pleno uso hasta 1915.
Hoy, cada 5 de enero, la puerta levadiza se baja para dar la bienvenida a los Reyes Magos.

https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/murallas

https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/fortindesanbartolome

https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/murallas/destacados

https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/parqueciudadela

Qué pintaza! Habrá que dedicarle un día.

Actualización a 29/03/2024: Hoy iremos a Hondarribi:

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuenterrab%C3%ADa

https://hondarribiaturismo.com/el-casco-antiguo-de-hondarribia/

https://hondarribiaturismo.com/hondarribia/

A ver.

Actualización a 01/04/2024: Qué bueno!

Me ha ENCANTADO.

Actualización a 04/04/2024: Bellinzona?

https://fortezzabellinzona.ch/en/

https://fortezzabellinzona.ch/en/discover/#storia

The Fortress of Bellinzona, consisting of the three castles of Castel Grande, Montebello, and Sasso Corbaro, as well as the bulwark and the town walls, is one of the most important sites of historical and architectural heritage in Switzerland. Recognised as being of international importance, the following unique and outstanding value was highlighted when the site was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000:

The fortifications of Bellinzona, located in the Canton of Ticino, in Italian-speaking Switzerland south of the Alps, are the only visible example in the Alpine region of medieval military architecture composed of several castles united by fortified walls to protect the population. The walls blocked off the entire valley of Ticino and the ramparts surrounded the town.
This makes Bellinzona a unique specimen among the imposing fortifications of the fifteenth century, both for its size, influenced by the site and its topography, and for the excellent state of conservation of the entire complex. The origin of Bellinzona is linked to the strategic position of the site which, thanks to the Ticino Valley, controls access to the main alpine passes that allow passage from the Milanese region, i.e., from all Northern Italy, to the regions located further north, up to the Danube and beyond. The complex consists of three castles and a network of fortifications interspersed with towers and defensive structures that control the Ticino Valley and dominate the town centre.

Three castles, bulwark, and walls of the town of Bellinzona
UNESCO Declaration of Outstanding Universal Value

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellinzona