International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (UIAA) - UIAA publishes new Declaration on Hiking, Climbing and Mountaineering

Muy buenas,

FLIPO. Es que lo JODEMOS TOODO:

https://www.theuiaa.org/uiaa-publishes-new-declaration-on-hiking-climbing-and-mountaineering/ 

These norms are the following:
-We report the style by which we climb with honesty.
-We accept other people’s styles when different from our own.
-We will not harm the experience of others while hiking or climbing.
-We consider the effect on others before taking risks.
-We help others in need, even at the expense of our own goals.
-We respect the natural ecosystems in climbing areas and mountain regions.
-We recognise climate change and seek to reduce our impact.
-We adhere to local regulations and respect local communities and cultures.
-We support the right of access to the wilderness with responsibility.

Que por qué?

https://www.theuiaa.org/statement-on-xenon-and-high-altitude-mountaineering/ 

Statement on xenon and high-altitude mountaineering

https://hypoxico.com/ 

Xenon y tratamientos hipóxicos como aclimatación para alta montaña:

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/may/28/peak-speed-sherpas-say-their-traditions-are-at-risk-after-record-everest-ascents 

 

Actualización a 02/06/2025: Ayer estuvimos hablando algo sobre el tema durante la cena de vuelta del finde de barrancos y ferratas (https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2018/10/vias-ferratas-y-descenso-de-barrancos.html).

https://www.theuiaa.org/how-to-prevent-altitude-sickness/ 

Acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral oedema (HACE) are the most important and most common altitude related diseases. Primary prevention is considered the gold standard to avoid altitude illness. 

Parece que no están claros los beneficios ni los posibles peligros:

https://www.germanjournalsportsmedicine.com/archive/archive-2014/heft-10/xenon-misuse-in-sports-increase-of-hypoxia-inducible-factors-and-erythropoietin-or-nothing-but-hot-air/ 

The academic sports scene was startled up in February 2014 by an article in "The Economist", reporting that xenon would be capable of artificially raising levels of erythropoietin (EPO) and therefore the production of red blood cells. 

La idea es que pueda funciona como la EPO?

XENON AND HIF-DEPENDENT EPO EXPRESSION: PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS:
EPO mRNA is expressed in several organs with the kidneys being the main production site in adult humans ( for reviews, see (5, 12)). The EPO enhancer is normally activated by HIF-2 in collaboration with other transcription factors. However, HIF-1 may induce EPO expression under experimental conditions.
Shortly after the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was alerted to the substance xenon and its potential performance enhancing characteristics the WADA List Committee approved the option to modify section S.2.1 of the 2014 Prohibited List, where HIF activators like xenon or argon have now been specifically identified. The amended 2014 Prohibited List has come into effect on September 1, 2014 (www.wada-ama.org). While the inclusion of xenon in the list of forbidden substances is an appropriate safety measure, the real threat by means of xenon in sports is likely of secondary importance, for the following reasons. (i) All of the speculations in the daily press are scientifically supported by one single publication in an international refereed journal (19). In that study HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF were demonstrated by Western blots of mouse kidney extracts. As noted above, most data on biological effects of xenon are from preclinical experimental studies, while the role in humans is still unclear, in general (13). (ii) There is no report (even no report from animal studies) describing effects of xenon on circulating EPO levels. Moreover, there are no published data showing that the inhalation of xenon is effective in stimulating red blood cell production thereby enhancing O2 transport in humans or other organisms. (iii) Because of the high xenon concentrations needed and the enormous costs, xenon is clinically administered via special respirators that allow scavenging of exhaled xenon (6). (iv) Thevis et al. (26) have already provided a first study of how the abuse of xenon could be detected from doping control samples with the instrumentation commonly available in sports drug testing laboratories.
On the other hand, EPO production and red cell mass can be increased quite readily by exposure to low O2 pressure (inspiring thin air at altitude, training or living in hypoxia chambers). Furthermore, there are a number of chemical substances (cobalt salt, synthetic  α-ketoglutarate competitors and other HIF-stabilizers) which potently induce HIF-dependent EPO expression (Fig. 1). These compounds are clearly effective in humans. Cobalt salt is probably the most severe stimulator of EPO production (8), and first steps have been taken to measure the urinary concentration of cobalt for detection of its misuse by athletes (16). It is of utmost importance, indeed, to develop methods for the detection of small molecule HIF-stabilizers (4) and to inform sportsmen of the possible side effects associated with their intake.
To conclude, in this author´s mind xenon misuse in sports is a minor issue compared to the potential hazards by intake of any of the numerous chemical substances known to stimulate HIF-dependent EPO synthesis. 

Edit: Edemas en buceo:

https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2014/08/deco-for-divers-divers-guide-to.html 

https://viviendoapesardelacrisis.blogspot.com/2023/05/full-faced-snorkeling-masks-immersion.html